Recent advances in sea cucumber peptide: Production, bioactive properties, and prospects

Sea cucumber is a precious and nutritious food with abundant protein other bioactive compounds, among which sea peptide (SCP) exhibits many beneficial functions. Although research on the development of SCP attracting more attention, ability to translate these new findings into industrial practice products remains immature. This review summarizes production characterization emphasizes recent advances in its properties, including antioxidative, angiotensin-I converting enzyme-inhibitory, immunomodulatory, anticancer, antifatigue, neuroprotective effects. Meanwhile, challenges prospects have been discussed both scientific commercialization. shows great potential health promotion, yet several need be solved: validation claims, clarification mechanisms, innovations boost bioavailability, improvement sensory properties end-products. Hopefully, this information will provide comprehensive perspective developing nutraceuticals functional foods.